Well, first off, a company pays it's taxes AFTER it pays all it's expenses, including salaries, so the 30% comes of the net profit, not the gross income. And most people in America aren't paying 40% in federal income taxes. Since the highest marginal rate is supposed to be 35% on income over $373,000 (for singles) that would be hard to do (and since they only pay Social Security on the first $107k, you just can't reach 40% in federal taxes for an individual - and we're talking MARGINAL rate here, not the real rate which is going to probably be 20%- 25% for most normal people).
If they make money on the stock, they pay tax on the PROFIT, not the gross amount. So again, that isn't double-taxation. If they die and pass the money along to their children MILLIONS of dollars are exempted from taxes, so again, money is missing out of taxation.
Like the 5-year limit on welfare, the unemployment insurance that goes on forever disinclines a subset of people from looking for work. There is certainl something to be said for having a time limit on it. However, the average unemployment check in the US is $293/week. And that's taxable. That's not to say people don't get larger checks, but it doesn't last forever and $1200/month pre-tax doesn't go too far if you have a family. Not too many people getting ahead on unemployment insurance.
true about the corporate pay tax after salary expense, but still it is double taxation, just smaller.
many people pay 40% all the time, because they live in the majority of US states that have state income tax.
after they pay their income tax, they spend the remaining 60% of their income, and then when they spend they pay 10% of sales tax. do you call that not double taxation?
when i invest, sure i only pay tax on my profit, but why shall i? i already paid tax on the money i invested!
so by the same logic, when i lose $5m in stocks, shall the government give me $5m in tax deduction? after all, if i make money in stock governemnt take money from me, if i lose money they should give me money back then!?
how come the tax deduction for investment loss is only meager 3k a year?
for your unemployment points: people do get ahead, because they still work under-table.
you are only calculating numerical values but not opportunity cost.
if i made $40k before, and w/ unemployment i only make $20k, to you i am losing $20k, but if my free time is worth $30k to me, then i am ahead.
dont forget, unemployment is money paid for working zero hour.
so what do people (like my friend) do? they find work without getting noticed by the goverment. they go on craigslist and join dozen focus groups, clinical trials, small projects, or teach private lesson. heck go even write a book or make iPhone apps. why not? you are getting paid for breathing.