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macOS My first programming language, which one?
- Thread starter Osirius
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Java
I would suggest Java. You can use OSX's dev tools, which came bundled with the OS, and you can find a lot of tutorials online.
i would also suggest C, but it tends to get a bit complex as a first language.
I would suggest Java. You can use OSX's dev tools, which came bundled with the OS, and you can find a lot of tutorials online.
i would also suggest C, but it tends to get a bit complex as a first language.
For Mac programming, C, followed by Objective-C. Java if you really want cross-platform stuff. C++ is okay too if you don't get too deep into it or you don't want to do much Mac programming off the command line since you pick up several habits which need to be unlearned for Objective-C.
Python
If all you want to do is bang out scripts, or start with that, why not try python. It's used by quite a lot of people, but it is not a compiled language (it pre-compiles itself, but not fully).
http://www.python.org for more info and tutorials
Easy to get started, and you can then dig in deeper and deeper. It's very methodical and has a very good feel to it - It's also already pre-installed on the mac, and is cross-platform.
Check http://osx.fresmeat.net for python editors and packages, there are quite a few of them around that work on mac.
If all you want to do is bang out scripts, or start with that, why not try python. It's used by quite a lot of people, but it is not a compiled language (it pre-compiles itself, but not fully).
http://www.python.org for more info and tutorials
Easy to get started, and you can then dig in deeper and deeper. It's very methodical and has a very good feel to it - It's also already pre-installed on the mac, and is cross-platform.
Check http://osx.fresmeat.net for python editors and packages, there are quite a few of them around that work on mac.
Java
Java is the best choice for a beginning programming language for a lot reasons that I'm not going to elaborate on right now. It's also a great language for a lot of other things, but for beginners it's really the only option. There is a reason almost all introductory cs courses are taught in Java nowadays.
Java and OS X is a mixed bag. On the plus side, Apple seems committed to Java because it comes preinstalled on every computer. However, historically Java releases on OS X lag behind Windows releases by years. And since Java 5 (the largest upgrade to the Java language since its first release) is going to go final soon, some recent Java software may not run on OS X. Personally, I think Java 5 is an abomination and completely ruins the language in some respects. But the truth is that if Sun releases a new version of Java, OS X needs to support it to keep up with Windows.
There is also the issue of performance. Java is a very fast language when it is run on Windows. The key word there is Windows. Java performance on OS X is less than exciting and Apple seems perfectly content with lagging behind Windows in yet another way. Now, I don't mean to give you the impression that Java is slow on OS X--it is plenty fast for most applications. But if you are creating huge, complex Swing GUIs or graphical games, you will see what I mean. And this is why Mac users generally have some aversion to Java, while Windows users have no such bias. Anyway, enough ranting. Now go learn Java.
Java is the best choice for a beginning programming language for a lot reasons that I'm not going to elaborate on right now. It's also a great language for a lot of other things, but for beginners it's really the only option. There is a reason almost all introductory cs courses are taught in Java nowadays.
Java and OS X is a mixed bag. On the plus side, Apple seems committed to Java because it comes preinstalled on every computer. However, historically Java releases on OS X lag behind Windows releases by years. And since Java 5 (the largest upgrade to the Java language since its first release) is going to go final soon, some recent Java software may not run on OS X. Personally, I think Java 5 is an abomination and completely ruins the language in some respects. But the truth is that if Sun releases a new version of Java, OS X needs to support it to keep up with Windows.
There is also the issue of performance. Java is a very fast language when it is run on Windows. The key word there is Windows. Java performance on OS X is less than exciting and Apple seems perfectly content with lagging behind Windows in yet another way. Now, I don't mean to give you the impression that Java is slow on OS X--it is plenty fast for most applications. But if you are creating huge, complex Swing GUIs or graphical games, you will see what I mean. And this is why Mac users generally have some aversion to Java, while Windows users have no such bias. Anyway, enough ranting. Now go learn Java.
I'll second this, and throw in a recommendation for Ruby as well. Ruby also comes preinstalled on Mac OS X, and like Python, there are slightly fewer barriers to getting started as opposed to a compiled programming language like Java.blaster_boy said:
This is not a slam against Java, by the way; it's the language I use primarily at work. It's definitely a programming language that any professional software developer should be familiar with; I'm just not sure I'd recommend it as a first programming language for anyone.
First programming language - well mine was Sinclair Basic but I'd recommend a language that doesn't teach you bad habits. OOP is all the rage now so I guess Java is a good suggestion. For portability you can't beat C but it's hardly a beginners language.
caveman_uk said:First programming language - well mine was Sinclair Basic but I'd recommend a language that doesn't teach you bad habits. OOP is all the rage now so I guess Java is a good suggestion. For portability you can't beat C but it's hardly a beginners language.
yup i totally agree.
i tried to learn C, C++ and JAVA when i was 12 yrs old. i understood C until the bit where it got to arrays.
i've never ever understood C++ and JAVA particularly because of OOP. the books always introduced me to new concepts called inheritance or something like that. i was only 12 and didnt understand a sh*t about it. but reading through this thread has reignited my desire to learn Java now that im 16 yrs old and hopefully, i'll understand it better now. cheers people
Osirius said:
Are you suggesting that you tried to learn Brainf*ck? That's not a good first language at all, in fact I wouldn't suggest that you use it ever.
I agree that Java is probably the best one to learn with.
1) You can do everything with a text editor (BBEdit is great for coding) and command-line tool from the Terminal. Later you can move to an IDE like XCode or NetBeans of course, but I think it's good to start with the very basics.
2) It's object-oriented and cleaner and safer than C++. There are no pointers that you can use for pointer math, which is a powerful feature in other languages but also a cause of many many bugs.
3) It has automatic garbage-collection of references when they're done being used (although honestly this can be a point of confusion later on when you use a language that requires more manual memory management).
4) It's cross-platform for just about any OS out there.
5) The most important argument for learning programming in Java is that the amount of offline and online resources you can get is staggering. There are literally hundreds and hundreds of Java books out there, and many online tutorials and Web/Usenet forums for asking for help with specific things. If you get stuck on something, someone will have an answer for you, usually within minutes or hours.
1) You can do everything with a text editor (BBEdit is great for coding) and command-line tool from the Terminal. Later you can move to an IDE like XCode or NetBeans of course, but I think it's good to start with the very basics.
2) It's object-oriented and cleaner and safer than C++. There are no pointers that you can use for pointer math, which is a powerful feature in other languages but also a cause of many many bugs.
3) It has automatic garbage-collection of references when they're done being used (although honestly this can be a point of confusion later on when you use a language that requires more manual memory management).
4) It's cross-platform for just about any OS out there.
5) The most important argument for learning programming in Java is that the amount of offline and online resources you can get is staggering. There are literally hundreds and hundreds of Java books out there, and many online tutorials and Web/Usenet forums for asking for help with specific things. If you get stuck on something, someone will have an answer for you, usually within minutes or hours.
Ditto that. Java is good for a first language because you spend all your time in the JVM. It protects you from a lot of system-crashing mistakes (like calling an operation on a null pointer) and allows you to become a pretty good programmer since you spend more time focusing on logic rather than error trapping.jalagl said:
Once you get comfortable with Java, though, I'd strongly recommend C and/or C++.
Python and Java are both good choices. Python might be a little more forgiving as a first language. Java/Swing is great for getting some exposure to GUI programming.
Of possible interest to you is ESR's take on the subject. Link goes to relevant section, but I think the whole document is a good read.
Of possible interest to you is ESR's take on the subject. Link goes to relevant section, but I think the whole document is a good read.
C
The language of choice would clearly be ANSI C
Very clean and logical syntax, no unwanted abstraction, very well-supported and well-defined
And let us just make a few hello-world examples, just to see what you're going to fight with
Java
C
C++
Cocoa/Objective-C
Python
Now, these examples aren't much good in reality, but they show off what the language is.
Even though C has some pitfalls in term of memory usage, they aren't that bad, and if you get -the- C book, by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie (the latter being the original designer of C), called `the C Programming Language` you will learn a lot in a very short time Besides, with the knowledge of C, you can quickly move on to Objective-C, Java and C++. Because of my C knowledge, I know those languages pretty well too. But I still prefer C for a lot of things, because of its speed, elegance and simplicity
The language of choice would clearly be ANSI C
Very clean and logical syntax, no unwanted abstraction, very well-supported and well-defined
And let us just make a few hello-world examples, just to see what you're going to fight with
Java
Code:
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main() {
System.out.writeln("Hello World");
}
}C
Code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
printf("Hello World\n");
return 0;
}C++
Code:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
cout << "Hello World" << endl;
return 0;
}Cocoa/Objective-C
Code:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
int main() {
NSLog(@"Hello World\n");
return 0;
}Python
Code:
print "Hello World\n"Now, these examples aren't much good in reality, but they show off what the language is.
Even though C has some pitfalls in term of memory usage, they aren't that bad, and if you get -the- C book, by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie (the latter being the original designer of C), called `the C Programming Language` you will learn a lot in a very short time
Besides, with the knowledge of C, you can quickly move on to Objective-C, Java and C++. Because of my C knowledge, I know those languages pretty well too. But I still prefer C for a lot of things, because of its speed, elegance and simplicity Add to that:
Brainfck
Brainfck
Code:
++++++++[>+++++++++<-]>.<++++[>+++++++<-]>+.<+
+[>+++<-]>+..+++.++++[>++++++++<-]>.<+++++[>++++++++
++<-]>+++++.<<.+++.------.<+++[>---<-]>+.my 2 cents...
i had my intro to programming taught in Ada95 and i learned alot from it... it is very strongly typed so you develop great habits in thinking about data types and explicit type conversions... ada also forces you to keep very good track of actual and formal parameters...
Basicly for real world usage... ada is not really used anymore (cept DOD stuff, real time devices)... but its a great language to learn. Its much more important to learn how to program than it is to learn a language... a good programmer can learn a new language without a problem, so its more important to learn the basics of programming than it is to learn the syntax of a specific language...
but then again im a soph in college and i have only had 1 CS class so far (CS major), so maybe listen to more experienced programmers...
i had my intro to programming taught in Ada95 and i learned alot from it... it is very strongly typed so you develop great habits in thinking about data types and explicit type conversions... ada also forces you to keep very good track of actual and formal parameters...
Basicly for real world usage... ada is not really used anymore (cept DOD stuff, real time devices)... but its a great language to learn. Its much more important to learn how to program than it is to learn a language... a good programmer can learn a new language without a problem, so its more important to learn the basics of programming than it is to learn the syntax of a specific language...
but then again im a soph in college and i have only had 1 CS class so far (CS major), so maybe listen to more experienced programmers...
jamdr said:
I agree - Java is great. Many reasons have been given, and I agree with them all. To me, the single nicest part is the fact that Java GUI coding is both powerful and portable, a big plus compared to any other language. As far as non-GUI programming is concerned, I like a lot of languages (Java, C++, Objective-C, python, etc.) - but, for a beginner, Swing (Java's GUI stuff, essentially) is, I think, a big plus.
As far as OS X support: Tiger has Java 5 built in. That's a relatively minor lag, as it's barely been released on Solaris/Windows and certainly isn't the basis of any major apps yet. So, by late spring, say, OS X will be using Java 5.
Also, as a plus, OS X makes it very easy to use Java as part of an app based on Objective-C, so you can use Java when it's advantageous, then switch to Objective-C when it better suits your purposes.
However, regardless of language, the most important thing to learn while learning programming is how to approach the problem, something you'll work on regardless of language. A good programmer is a good programmer regardless of the language being used simply because that programmer uses good algorithms.
Edit: - just like TrumanApple wrote as I was replying.
But Java is pretty forgiving while being quite powerful, and it's got a stunningly good library of classes that will run on pretty much any platform you choose, automatically.
...and upon that
A very obfuscated language. I once coded an interpreter and compiler for a Brainf*ck-like language, which I called SIGI (Sigmund Freud's pet name, because it could make you insane )
...or my new language, Psilo
...or the C89/POSIX hello world
Of course, if you wanted to print it out in the correct order, you would need a mutex or spinlock of some sort
Simon Liquid said:
A very obfuscated language. I once coded an interpreter and compiler for a Brainf*ck-like language, which I called SIGI (Sigmund Freud's pet name
, because it could make you insane )
Code:
aHpaepalppaopa pawpaoparpalpadpn0...or my new language, Psilo
Code:
main, begin
var,message,string
assign,message,@"Hello World\n"
emits,message
exit,0...or the C89/POSIX hello world
Code:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void print( void * str );
main() {
pthread_t hello, world;
char * strhello = "Hello ";
char * strworld = "World";
pthread_create(&hello, pthread_attr_default, (void*)&print, (void*)strhello);
pthread_create(&world, pthread_attr_default, (void*)&print, (void*)strworld);
exit(0);
}
void print( void * str ) {
printf("%s", (char*)str);
}Of course, if you wanted to print it out in the correct order, you would need a mutex or spinlock of some sort
jsw said:
The main problems with Java (at least how I see it) are:
- Lack of fast, low-level file handling.
- The JVM uses a lot of memory and doesn't start instantaneously; I wrote a simple HTTP server in Java and in C, and tested it on a standard 100 mbit/s network. The Java one delivered about 1 MB/sec and used 20 megabytes of memory. The C delivered 9 MB/sec and used 500 kilobytes.
- It enforces everything upon an Object-oriented programming paradigm, but still includes non-OOP basic types, which is very ambiguous to new users.
- Too much class supplanting. The StringTokenizer class has been supplanted at least 2 times, which is very confusing, because the language often changes too drastically at each major increment
- While usage of the language is free, the built-in classes are incompatible with the GPL, meaning you cannot link non-Java GPL'ed code modules to your Java program (which may still be licensed under the GPL)
- Is only available on major platforms. Platforms like the *BSD's have very poor Java support.