Fixed!
I have now gotten the report from Ontrack data recovery. Two files of 224 MB are repaired, the rest of all the files, over 1.6TB, are all recoverable.
Price: 900 USD
The various attempts I did myself didn't work at all, I could hardly even connect to this drive. Now it is being moved onto another near-identical WD drive - which I purchased
just before the old one crashed.
Hence I am going to get a completely different brand of HD, maybe even a thunderbolt capable hard drive, and as the first thing, move all files from the recovered drive, onto this new one. And I will use a pre-maverick Mac to do this, just to be safe.
Just saying, before you write off your seemingly bricked WD drive, there might be ways to get the data out.
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Putting the disk in another enclosure might help, but this all looks like your disk has failed. This is typical behavior of a disk with bad sectors and it happens with any operating system.
Nice try, but it is entirely a logical failure, and fully recoverable.
WD + Maverick seems a dangerous cocktail, although neither company will probably ever admit it.