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EugW

macrumors P6
Original poster
Jun 18, 2017
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I have a bunch of legit USB 3 cables (name branded cables, or else cables that came with name-branded external drives), but some work at only 5 Gbps while others work fine at 10 Gbps. So, I've resorted to using my label printer to label them accordingly.

My USB 4 cables also have no information listed on the cable, but work fine at 40 Gbps speeds. For example a while back I bought a cable advertised as USB-IF certified 40 Gbps USB 4 / Thunderbolt 4 cable. It turns out it is certified for USB 4 40 Gbps, but not Thunderbolt 4, although it seemed to work fine for my Thunderbolt 4 hub. It has no USB 4 and no 40 Gbps markings on it either. Other than the company logo, it's just blank. What's the actual difference between passive USB 4 40 Gbps with 100 Watt charging vs. passive Thunderbolt 4? USB 4 has a minimum power requirement of 7.5 Watts vs. the 15 Watts for Thunderbolt 4, but I don't think I've ever seen a USB 4 data cable that supports less than 100 Watts power. However, the 7.5 W is for powering a peripheral whereas the 100 W is for charging, so is it possible for a 100 W cable not to support a 15 W peripheral? Or is a USB 4 40 Gbps 100 Watt passive cable essentially a Thunderbolt 4 cable without the certification, or can there be something else missing from good 40 Gbps USB 4 cables that would make them not Thunderbolt 4? (Note that I am not talking about 20 Gbps USB 4 cables.) There are differences in external display support, but is that due to specific chips in them, or is just due to the bandwidth available?

For my last purchase though, I just bought a certified Thunderbolt 4 cable to avoid all the confusion, as it was only a few bucks more on sale than the certified USB 4 cable. However, much of the time the certified Thunderbolt 4 cables are more expensive. I also wonder how good the non-certified Thunderbolt 5 cables out there are.
 
Are all your various USB4 cables less than 0.8 metres?
Testing has shown that over that length the only cables that work at 40Gbps are ones that incorporate a certified Intel TB4 retiming chip.

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Are all your various cables less than 0.8 metres?
Testing has shown that over that length the only cables that work at 40Gbps are ones that incorporate a certified Intel TB4 retiming chip.
Yes, the USB 4 and Thunderbolt 4 cables are 0.8 m or less. I have a few older longer USB 3 cables, but I don't use them for important stuff like SSDs.
 
Good original post.

Looks like USBc cables are attaining the status of Forrest Gump's box of chocolates:
"You never know what you're getting..."
 
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What's the actual difference between passive USB 4 40 Gbps with 100 Watt charging vs. passive Thunderbolt 4?
Bear in mind that the USB-C documentation for PD (Power Distribution) is 1100 pages...

USB-C cables will have resistors that signal the cables power handling capability. The base standard is 3A at 5V for 15W, 100W calls for 5A at 20V and 240W calls for 5A at 48V. Higher current call for thicker conductors and higher voltage calls for thicker insulation. Another fun USB-C tidbit is that going above 5V calls for the power source and power consumer to negotiate the supply voltage in 100mV steps.

As I mentioned before, the transition between USB-A/B with USB-C changed the "cable won't work" problem from having the wrong connectors to having the wrong capability. With the former, a visual inspection would show that the cable won't work, where the latter calls for a cheat sheet at best or experimentation.
 
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I have this gizmo on my Xmas list… it reads an e-identifier from the cable to let you know its specs

 
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I have this gizmo on my Xmas list… it reads an e-identifier from the cable to let you know its specs
Heh. I watch the ChargerLAB teardown videos myself. I was tempted to get one of those, but I couldn't get myself to spend CA$110 to test my cables.
 
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