After installing the HP Printer Update 2.16.1 this morning so far Software Update has installed HP Printer Update 2.14 four times so far today, every time I've booted into Mavericks lol.
I noticed this bug too. I installed the HP 2.16.1 update and hid/ the other 2.14 update in the appstore, so it didn't keep bothering me as a workaround.