Wow!
(Looks like what happened the last time I used paint stripper.)
Have you owned this MBAir since new?
That picture shows a coating of some kind that has obviously peeled, or melted. The MBAir did not come with that coating.
Whatever was applied to that MBAir might have reacted to heat, but I think it is more likely a reaction of whatever film has been applied, and some kind of disinfectant wipe that was way too strong, and melted right through the protector. (and the MBAir did not come with any kind of "meltable" coating. That much "heat" should have damaged the keycaps, too, but the peeling seems to be only on flat surfaces.
Anyway, it's a coating or "protector" that someone applied (maybe YOU?) and it has reacted badly to some kind of strong cleaner. Did you use some kind of wipe that you have NOT used before this?