iOS 11 WILL require a new beta profile to run. Hopefully someone would give one of such, or better yet, if you wait, apple may allow public users to run beta through their beta program. But that would likely be the case of third developer beta, about one month after initial release.
When they release a public beta version of iOS 11 (which quite likely won't happen until a bit later, like when developer beta 2 or 3 is released), assuming you are part of the public beta program and get the profile from Apple to download and install it, you would be able to run it. Pretty much how it has been with public betas for some time now.