Pretty much, nothing. The average consumer isn't going to notice a thing. Reading through the statement, the following jump out:
1. The FCC is working on a
voluntary agreement with carriers, not an imposed or enforced rule change, for an interoperability spat that's been going on since 2009.
Basically: US Cellular and Verizon bought cheap 700Mhz LTE licenses in a portion of frequencies called the "A block," which were sold cheap because there were claims about interference by TV stations in adjacent frequencies, broadcasting on UHF Channel 51. (see #2 below)
AT&T didn't buy up any A block licenses for this reason and instead bought other spectrum (called B and C block). Some of this B/C spectrum they bought directly at auction, but a huge amount of it AT&T got by buying up all kinds of smaller players that bought pieces of this spectrum, gobbling them up and taking ownership of their licenses.
If you really want the details of what blocks go where and all that,
you can read up on it here.
Anyway, Verizon and US Cellular got all kinds of ******** that AT&T didn't buy any of this allegedly crummy spectrum, and got even more ******** over how AT&T got so much B and C block bandwidth. So, they've been trying to stick it to AT&T by making the FCC force AT&T to sell only handsets that operate on all three blocks (A, B, and C). This is what's meant by "interoperability."
While I'm not fully versed on the situation, I have a feeling a good deal of this is moot, really. The iPhone 5s and 5c are proof of that. Most chipsets purchased for handsets today do nearly all of these bands.
2. The FCC also decided that as it turns out, A-Block spectrum
isn't so crummy after all, and that TV Channel 51 doesn't interfere with LTE and cellular on those adjacent frequencies, so they're going to resume accepting applications for TV licenses that were
frozen about two years ago.
3. They're going to codify some voluntary commitments AT&T made about its 700Mhz spectrum into their licenses. Basically telling AT&T to do whatever it was they already said they were going to do.
All that to basically say, it's business as usual.