Well the only changes I know of that occur when changing to charged power are the changes in system performance, so your GPU may be activated, which may be the cause of the problem (can't see why though), your CPU is allowed to go into turbo mode, although that may occur anyway even when not charging, even so, I can't see how an increase in CPU output would cause a system freeze, if the CPU was damaged the computer wouldn't turn on at all!
So after all that, the only causes I could think of would be faults in your GPU driver/hardware. It could be a buggy application which runs automatically when in charging mode though. But I cannot see water damage being the cause of the slowdowns though. It would be good to see what theories other members on this forum have.