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Restoring only helps briefly, so save your time. I did it the other day and mine was nice and small, at first. Then it just grew and is almost 1G, again,
 
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Possiblly some precaution space
 
I always assumed it was saved data from apps or saved settings. I wasn't sure if saved game data or documents made in iWork would show up in the application space used or under "other". I
 
Guess mine's the biggest so far: 2.4GB on mine.

Not the end of the world since I have a 64GB model (actual capacity 57.41GB), but that's still a little over 4% of my phone's capacity, and no idea what it is. I wish it would at least detail what that "other" stuff consists of.
 
"Other" consists of the iOS software data along with stuff such as cookies, browsing history, cache, various apps saved data and the likes. Just my 0.02
 
I posted a topic about this also a while ago. So far from what I noticed.

- Restoring the iPhone will decrease the "Other" to about 500-600mb. BUT, this is only temporary as it will increase in size again.
- "Other" is not affected by saved game or applications files.
- It is affected by music files. (Album artwork, lyrics).

Now what I found, was that I was using iTunes to find my songs album artwork. By doing this, iTunes will keep on copying and replacing these artworks every time you sync your iPhone. Even if you have the artwork, it will still copy it again. Hence, making "Other" increase. Since then, I cleared all album artwork that iTunes stored. Now my "Other" is only using 1.06GB for the past 1 month compared to 1.8GB. Before that, it would keep on increasing by 50-100MB everytime I sync. It's crazy I know, but I DO think its a bug in iTunes or iOS 5.

Note: When you use iTunes to find artwork, it does not actually save the artwork to your songs, it saves it somewhere else. When you manually add an artwork to a song, it actually save it to the song itself (which is way better because it does not take "Other" capacity).
 
1.46 GB of other on a stock 4S :(

My gf's 4S had about 13 GB of other. I went through the files on the phone using iExplorer and found that the phone still had camera roll photos stored that had been deleted off the phone already. After I deleted those files in iExplorer, the other went down to .75 GB.
 
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