How does the MacBook Pro lower the bass as volume increases?

[delsoul]

I'm not one that turns the volume up loud on my MacBook Pro 14 M1 but I did have some music playing today that was a little bit bass intense and I noticed that the louder I made it, the lower the bass from the music became. I thought it was a pretty cool feature (I'm used to the old days when the bass would blow out the speakers or there was so much distortion that it sounded like a mess). My question is how does this work? Is it software involved, or is there some sort of sensor that knows when the bass is becoming too much?