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How to Erase and Factory Reset Your Mac

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Apr 12, 2001
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This article explains how to erase and factory reset your Mac if you plan to give it away, sell it, or trade it in. Apple silicon Macs and Intel Macs with a T2 security chip (2017-2020 models) have an "Erase All Content and Settings" option available in macOS Monterey and later. If you have an older pre-2017 Mac, it's a more convoluted process – follow this link instead to erase and factory reset your machine.


Traditionally, wiping a Mac and returning it to factory settings involved manually signing out of a range of services, erasing your Mac's internal drive, then reinstalling macOS. These steps are quite involved when you consider how easy it is to wipe an iPhone or iPad (Settings -> General -> Transfer or Reset iPhone -> Erase All Content and Settings).

Fortunately, Apple includes the same option on newer Macs running macOS Monterey and later. Erase All Content and Settings in macOS offers a very simple and straightforward way to erase your Mac without needing to reinstall the operating system. Thanks to the way storage is encrypted on Macs with Apple silicon or the T2 chip, the option is able to instantly and securely "erase" all user date by destroying the encryption keys.

Not only does this effectively erase all user data and user-installed apps from your Mac without reinstalling macOS, it also signs out your Apple Account from a range of services, removes any Touch ID fingerprints, purchases, and all Apple Wallet items, and turns off Find My and Activation Lock, making it far easier to restore your Mac to like-new factory settings.

The following steps show you how it's done. Whether you simply want to start fresh with your Mac or are planning to sell or gift your computer to another person, after erasing it using this option, your Mac will display the Setup Assistant and be ready to be set up like new.
  1. Click the Apple () symbol in the menu bar and select System Settings (System Preferences... if you're not running macOS Ventura or later).
  2. If you're running macOS Ventura or later, select General in the sidebar, then choose Transfer or Reset -> Erase All Content and Settings.... Otherwise, select System Preferences -> Erase All Content and Settings from the menu bar.
    erase-content-settings-mac.jpg

    Enter your admin password in the Erase Assistant dialog prompt and click OK.
    If you haven't already backed up your important data, heed the onscreen Time Machine advice. Otherwise, click Continue.
    erase-content-settings-mac.jpg

    Note all the settings, data, media, and other items that will be removed. Click Continue if you're sure.
    erase-content-settings-mac2.jpg


    Enter the password for your Apple Account to sign out, click Continue, then click Erase All Content & Settings in the prompt to confirm.
    erase-content-settings-mac1.jpg
After following these steps, allow the erase process to complete. Your Mac may restart more than once during the process. Once finished, you'll see the "hello" message on your Mac's screen, indicating that your Mac has been restored to factory settings and Setup Assistant is ready to start anew.

Article Link: How to Erase and Factory Reset Your Mac
 
Article Link
https://www.macrumors.com/how-to/erase-factory-reset-apple-silicon-mac/
Last edited:
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heystu said:
Sorry I’m just too paranoid to trust it, I have to clean format the drive, overwrite it with zeros 50 times, smash it to pieces with a sledgehammer, encase it in magma and bury it 200 feet underground. I’m still confused though why I never seem to get a decent trade in price.
Click to expand...
I do all that you've mentioned, except I end it by freezing the drive in carbonite and firing it into space. 😁
 
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Was trying to do an Internet restore on my M2 mini now that Sequoia is out but even when I boot up holding the power button and selecting erase and reset it only shows me Sonoma as an option.
I thought maybe the restore partition was wrong so I manually installed Sequoia and then I rebooted thinking that the restore partition should be Sequoia but it’s still set to Sonoma there was no way I could figure out how to restore from Apple servers the latest macOS.
What’s weird is the computer came out of the box with Ventura but it doesn’t show that as a restore partition option.

Does anyone know how to restore from apple’s servers online without using another Mac or using a ipsw file? :rolleyes:

Another quirky thing about resetting and restoring is there are several iCloud accounts on my computer for each login, for whatever reason the primary user was not set as the Find My locked account so I had to login one of the secondary user account to unlock my Mac so I could erase it.
Afterwards I logged into each user to make sure it was off and then went to the primary user account and made sure it was turned on to make sure that was the master account for Find My.
 
When I first started programming my Mac would sometimes tell me to “just stop” and ask for a factory reset.

Still happens every so often…..
 
heystu said:
Sorry I’m just too paranoid to trust it, I have to clean format the drive, overwrite it with zeros 50 times, smash it to pieces with a sledgehammer, encase it in magma and bury it 200 feet underground. I’m still confused though why I never seem to get a decent trade in price.
Click to expand...

A couple years ago, during a major purge of old tech I had in the basement, I had about twenty spinning-platter hard drives to get rid of. Didn't want to bother wiping them so I took them outside and used my oxy-acetylate cutting torch to blow holes though every one of them.

Good luck!
 
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WarmWinterHat said:
A couple years ago, during a major purge of old tech I had in the basement, I had about twenty spinning-platter hard drives to get rid of. Didn't want to bother wiping them so I took them outside and used my oxy-acetylate cutting torch to blow holes though every one of them.

Good luck!
Click to expand...
Hope there wasn't too many bitcoins on them.
 
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There are some restore utilities that can walk a hard drive and find all kinds of documents and files and photos, it’s good to at least do one secure pass. :rolleyes:
 
JosephAW said:
There are some restore utilities that can walk a hard drive and find all kinds of documents and files and photos, it’s good to at least do one secure pass. :rolleyes:
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I think you're a bit clueless how this feature works. It tosses out the keys in the secure enclave and generates new ones. It makes no attempt to erase your data, because it's no longer readable without the original keys.
 
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Question......I assume if we want to just revert to factory settings for our own use, just to go back to a clean state or to regain performance from the degradation that comes with general use, these steps would apply also. Correct?
 
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heystu said:
Sorry I’m just too paranoid to trust it, I have to clean format the drive, overwrite it with zeros 50 times, smash it to pieces with a sledgehammer, encase it in magma and bury it 200 feet underground. I’m still confused though why I never seem to get a decent trade in price.
Click to expand...
its because thats what everybody does, if you want to make it LEGEN-[I hope you are not lactose intolerant]-DARY is to chuck it unprotected into space, let the sun rays irradiate it, and somehow recover it, THEN and only then it will get value.

If you do it any other way you are just a poser.
 
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WarmWinterHat said:
A couple years ago, during a major purge of old tech I had in the basement, I had about twenty spinning-platter hard drives to get rid of. Didn't want to bother wiping them so I took them outside and used my oxy-acetylate cutting torch to blow holes though every one of them.

Good luck!
Click to expand...
Not enough. Any competent law enforcement or "hacker" group from a movie or TV show will be able to reconstruct pictures of your dog from them.
 
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I used this procecure recently on my 2021 MacBook Pro (m1pro), and it went quickly -- seems like less than 5 minutes (might have been only a minute or two, I should've had a stopwatch going).

Then... restored from a CarbonCopyCloner backup. That, too, went quickly (about 10 minutes), but I don't keep lots "of stuff" on it, and the backup was on a USB3.1 gen2 SSD.

A VERY nice improvement by Apple over "the old way of doing things"...
 
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MacRumors said:
After following these steps, allow the erase process to complete. Your Mac may restart more than once during the process. Once finished, you'll see the "hello" message on your Mac's screen
Click to expand...
I did it recently for a trade-in and there was an "Activate Mac" screen before the "hello" screen, which was confusing. You might want to add this, because you have to connect to WiFi.
macos-monterery-erase-all-mac-activated.png

Erase your Mac and reset it to factory settings - Apple Support

Use Erase All Content and Settings to quickly and securely erase all of your settings, data, and apps, while maintaining the operating system currently installed.
support.apple.com support.apple.com
 
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