http://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-hack-mac-os-x-lion-passwords-2011-9
Anyone can get your root password, even remotely, if you do not have disk encryption enabled.
On Sunday, September 19th, an exploit for the latest Mac OS X 10.7 "Lion" was discovered by Patrick Dunstan. This exploit allows for an attacker, even remotely, to request to have the root user's password changed without knowing the password to the system beforehand. This would lead to the legitimate owner of the system getting locked out, as well as all of their files being compromised (unless disc encryption was in place). Let's go over why this happens, and how to stop it until a patch comes out.
Anyone can get your root password, even remotely, if you do not have disk encryption enabled.