Still in the process of making lists for the various iPad models, those will be posted later.
For iPhones, here's the list of what is missing from iOS 16 and previous versions of iOS. Note that this list will be cumulative to give the best reflection of features that are missing. To easier mark iOS 16 features, those will be bolded and separated. I will break up the list for the iPhone 8 and X since the list is a lot longer for these! Let me know what is missing and I'll add it in.
---------------
iPhone 8/X:
iOS 13-15: CarKey/home keys (iOS 14, NFC only works for actively writing and reading), vast majority of ARKit 3/4/5/6 features, On-device keyboard dictation (iOS 14), prioritizing camera shooting (iOS 14), QuickTake video (iOS 14), exposure control (iOS 14), 4K YouTube (iOS 14), Live Text in Photos (iOS 15), Portrait Mode/Spatial Audio in FaceTime (iOS 15), interactive globe in Maps (iOS 15), new city experience (iOS 15), AR map directions (iOS 15), On-Device Siri, weather animations (iOS 15), any U1 required feature, notify when left behind notifications for Find My (iOS 15)*
iOS 16: 4K video ARKit 6, Live Captions, Desk view/center stage for Continuity Camera, Siri hang up, multilayer depth effect for wallpapers, dictation emojis, take photos of medication, ask siri about app actions, lifting subjects from background, Fluid dictation with voice and touch, Visual look up new domains, Face ID w/ mask and landscape Face ID for X
*oddly works for everything but newer AirPods 3/Pro/Max, feature introduced iOS 15
-----------
iPhone XS/XR:
iOS 14-15: Exposure control (iOS 14), any U1 required feature, notify when left behind in Find My* (iOS 15), Face ID unlock with mask (iOS 15)
iOS 16: 4K video ARKit 6, Live Captions**, Desk view/Center stage for Continuity Camera, Landscape Face ID
*this feature oddly works for everything but newer AirPods 3/Pro/Max for some reason
**Live Captions is apparently not supposed to be on XR/XS according to footnotes, but I've seen reports on reddit of one XR and XS having it work perfectly fine. XR/XS users, let me know how this feature works on B3/PB1!
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iPhone 11/Pro:
iOS 15: left behind notifications for Find My*, Face ID w/ masks
iOS 16: landscape Face ID
*oddly works for everything but newer AirPods 3/Pro/Max
-----------------
iPhone SE 2020/2022:
iOS 15: getting left behind notifications for AirPods 3/Pro/Max introduced in iOS 15
iOS 16: Desk View/Center Stage for Continuity Camera (no ultrawide sensor)
otherwise, the SEs get all iOS features that do not require LiDAR or U1 or any other hardware feature.
--------------
iPhone 12/Pro:
iOS 16: Landscape Face ID
TLDR: Looks like even if you have an XR/XS, you're still in good shape with not a lot missing! iPhone 11 users, you get everything new except for
the Face ID improvements. iPhone 12 gets everything except landscape Face ID.
For iPhones, here's the list of what is missing from iOS 16 and previous versions of iOS. Note that this list will be cumulative to give the best reflection of features that are missing. To easier mark iOS 16 features, those will be bolded and separated. I will break up the list for the iPhone 8 and X since the list is a lot longer for these! Let me know what is missing and I'll add it in.
---------------
iPhone 8/X:
iOS 13-15: CarKey/home keys (iOS 14, NFC only works for actively writing and reading), vast majority of ARKit 3/4/5/6 features, On-device keyboard dictation (iOS 14), prioritizing camera shooting (iOS 14), QuickTake video (iOS 14), exposure control (iOS 14), 4K YouTube (iOS 14), Live Text in Photos (iOS 15), Portrait Mode/Spatial Audio in FaceTime (iOS 15), interactive globe in Maps (iOS 15), new city experience (iOS 15), AR map directions (iOS 15), On-Device Siri, weather animations (iOS 15), any U1 required feature, notify when left behind notifications for Find My (iOS 15)*
iOS 16: 4K video ARKit 6, Live Captions, Desk view/center stage for Continuity Camera, Siri hang up, multilayer depth effect for wallpapers, dictation emojis, take photos of medication, ask siri about app actions, lifting subjects from background, Fluid dictation with voice and touch, Visual look up new domains, Face ID w/ mask and landscape Face ID for X
*oddly works for everything but newer AirPods 3/Pro/Max, feature introduced iOS 15
-----------
iPhone XS/XR:
iOS 14-15: Exposure control (iOS 14), any U1 required feature, notify when left behind in Find My* (iOS 15), Face ID unlock with mask (iOS 15)
iOS 16: 4K video ARKit 6, Live Captions**, Desk view/Center stage for Continuity Camera, Landscape Face ID
*this feature oddly works for everything but newer AirPods 3/Pro/Max for some reason
**Live Captions is apparently not supposed to be on XR/XS according to footnotes, but I've seen reports on reddit of one XR and XS having it work perfectly fine. XR/XS users, let me know how this feature works on B3/PB1!
----------
iPhone 11/Pro:
iOS 15: left behind notifications for Find My*, Face ID w/ masks
iOS 16: landscape Face ID
*oddly works for everything but newer AirPods 3/Pro/Max
-----------------
iPhone SE 2020/2022:
iOS 15: getting left behind notifications for AirPods 3/Pro/Max introduced in iOS 15
iOS 16: Desk View/Center Stage for Continuity Camera (no ultrawide sensor)
otherwise, the SEs get all iOS features that do not require LiDAR or U1 or any other hardware feature.
--------------
iPhone 12/Pro:
iOS 16: Landscape Face ID
TLDR: Looks like even if you have an XR/XS, you're still in good shape with not a lot missing! iPhone 11 users, you get everything new except for
the Face ID improvements. iPhone 12 gets everything except landscape Face ID.
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