The only provider in China that you can get 3G speed using an ATT iPhone 6 is China Unicom. I suggest just stopping in to any China Unicom shop and purchasing a prepaid card. They will install the SIM and make sure it works properly.
With the other provides like China Mobile, you will only get 2G Edge speed.
To get LTE with any of the providers, you would need an unlocked Sprint iPhone 6.