So, if I understand correctly you can boot into Recovery Mode, with its limited tools and the option to install the OS, but when you try to re-install the OS from within Recovery Mode you get the error about a missing download?
The easiest path would be to find some kind MacOS user to download the Yosemite installer and prepare a USB thumb drive for you. The hard way would be to use the Terminal from within Recovery mode to download Yosemite and prepare a USB thumb drive; that could be tricky, as I don't believe that standard OS X has the curl command. Then boot from thumb drive and away you go. Let me think about the hard way for a bit, and I'll see if I can post a better reply.