Hah, good one! I have two 15" units with dGPUs at my disposal, a mid-2012 rMBP and a late-2013 rMBP. With Dell P2715Q displays, my earlier unit shows 1440p as a max resolution and my later unit shows 2160p as a max resolution, both at a max of 60Hz, both over mDP>DP cables. There's no other real "answer" - Apple offers that my later rMBP isn't capable of 4k, but it is, and two displays to boot!
I'm finding that the "max resolution" is a function of the Mac's hardware, the Mac's software, the cable used, and what the display's EDID conveys to the Mac. Re the Mac's software - I had one Dell connected in Mavericks and Yosemite, and only a reconfiguration of my workspace led me to discover that my newer Mac could drive two 4k displays after 10.10.3 hit the interwebs, even through Apple doesn't acknowledge it (even though I let them know months ago!).