Or, while it's running, right-click on its Dock icon and choose "Keep In Dock".
You can also slide the dock icons around to reposition them.
is there a way to add a link to the applications folder to the dock?
I have my commonly used apps there but to get to anything else I currently open a finder window and click on "applications" in "places" in the left sidebar. Whats the quickest/easiest way to get to the applications folder?
Drag the Applications folder onto the Dock...from there you can right click it and access the applications.