EFI mode booting supports USB sticks, CSM-BIOS does not. So I'm going to guess that the operating system on the USB stick is not EFI bootable.
For experts, I suggest GPT fdisk which you can find a Mac installer binary at Source Forge. It is not a GUI app, only command line. But with it you can modify GPT partitions to your heart's content, even on a live hard disk - although you should reboot soon after writing out a new GPT. It can also optionally create hybrid MBRs.