The gray background on the MacBook Pro is just because it is older, it was a little later on that new Macs started to have firmware that supported the actual desktop backgrounds on the FileVault login page. I think in 2012 or 2013 this changed.
As for speed of the iMac, are you using Bluetooth trackpad/mouse/keyboard, like the Magic accessories Apple ships with the iMacs? Especially with FileVault (but really with any Mac boot) it can take some time for a stable connection to the peripherals to be established wirelessly. For this reason if you have the second-generation Apple Magic accessories (that charge via Lightning cable) you can plug them in to the Mac during a start up and that should make them more responsive on the pre-boot login screen for FileVault. As you have a 2017 iMac I presume you do have the second-generation of the accessories.