None of your USB ports work?
Sounds like you're in a pickle.
Hmmm...
I have a way that might work for you.
If you PRINT OUT this reply, and follow it carefully, I predict a very high chance of success.
1. When the new one arrives, exercise patience and don't open the lid yet -- you don't want it set up until "the right time".
2. You're going to need an EXTERNAL USB3 2.5" SATA drive enclosure. Like this:
(sorry for the long link)
3. You'll also need a Phillips #00 driver. A Torx T-6 driver would help, but you don't absolutely require it. Order when you order the enclosure.
3a. You'll also need one of these cable adapters (which will prove its worth in other ways once you have the new MBP):
The Cable Matters USB 3.1 Type-C to Type-A adapter provides a convenient connection between the newest devices with USB Type-C and legacy USB peripherals with Type A. It adapts the Type-C port on a computer to connect all legacy equipment, peripherals, cables, hubs and chargers that ...
www.amazon.com
4. JUST BEFORE you unbox the new Mac, take the back off the old MBP using the Phillips #00 driver. You'll see the internal drive.
5. You need to lift out the old drive and disconnect it it from the cable. It will probably have 4 "nubs" on the sides. These are what the Torx driver is for, but all you need it a pair of pliers to GENTLY loosen the nubs and remove them.
6. Put the drive into the enclosure. It should snap in without tools.
7. Connect it to the NEW MBP. Use the USBa-to-USBc adapter cable.
8. Now... lift the lid on the NEW MPB for the first time. It will boot automatically.
Next, begin setup.
At the appropriate moment, setup assistant will ask if you wish to migrate from another drive. YES, you do.
So... point the way to the external drive. Does setup assistant "see it"?
If so, great -- give SA time to "digest" everything.
Setup assistant will present you with a list of stuff to migrate, such as
Applications
Accounts
Settings
Data
A BIT OF SPECIAL ADVICE:
Since you're MBP is as old as it is, I would suggest that you DO NOT migrate the old applications, as many will need updates or just won't run at all.
So... UNcheck the applications box.
But... leave everything else checked.
Once you're ready, turn SA loose and let it do its thing. It will take a while.
BE FOREWARNED:
Not everything may end up where you think it might.
This is because on the new m-series Macs, Apple "limits" where you can create folders and put things.
Some files may end up in a folder named [something like] "relocated items".
You'll have to sort this out manually later on.
AS FAR AS APPLICATIONS GO:
You may need to download updated 3rd-party apps, or perhaps find new ones altogether.
That's the way it goes when you migrate from "that old" to new.
IF FOR SOME REASON SETUP ASSISTANT WON'T WORK:
You still have options.
What you could do is to setup WITHOUT the old drive, for now.
Get your new account up-and-running.
Then, you can consider connecting the external drive and MANUALLY MIGRATING stuff a little at at time from the old drive. It's more work. But sometimes one has to do, what one has to do.
If you need to do this manually, BE AWARE that your new account will be "different from" the old one, even if you use the same username and password.
So... DO THIS with the old drive:
a. Get to the finder and connect the drive
b. Let its icon mount on the desktop, do not "open" it
c. Click ONE time on the drive icon to select it
d. Bring up the "get info" box for the drive (type command-i)
e. At the bottom of get info click the lock and enter the password you're using on the NEW MBP
f. Put a check into "ignore ownership on this volume" (sharing and permissions)
g. Close get info.
Now you can copy stuff from the old drive to the new MBP, and anything you copy will "fall under the ownership" of your NEW account (avoiding permissions problems).
Good luck on all of this...!