Have you looked at the Lutron Caséta? From what I have read about it I would expect it to be able to do something like this, although the schedule may be controlled through Lutron’s app rather than HomeKit.
Another option would be replacing the bulbs with Philips Wiz models which are $12 each. These connect directly to Wi-Fi and you could do basically what you want (not exactly 1% to 100% but they have a 30-minute wake up mode) via the Wiz app. They are not HomeKit compatible, but if all you want is this feature, HomeKit doesn’t need to be involved. You could buy a $40 Google or Alexa speaker if you want voice control. This is the way we’ve been going - our house is all Apple including Homepods, but we have added a couple of Google speakers for smart home control.