Not sure what you were trying to say in #1.
#2, well yes, extra removable sockets might have some minor extra cost. But then again these are components that Apple has been using for years.
#3. It's the same components, the Retina GPU just has to push more pixels. I don't think that would explain a higher cost unless Apple was using a higher quality battery or bus, which they aren't to my knowledge.
#4. You've gone over my head with this one so I'll have to trust you. The display for the normal MacBook Pro, regardless of colors, must still be cheaper than the Retina display. Don't you think?
#5. I doubt the size of the motherboard has much of an effect on cost, though the loss of the FireWire and such might have some minimal impact on cost. Not enough to make it cost more than the Retina display, IMHO.
Anyways, I think what others have said is right. Apple is just accepting lower margins for the Retina Macbook Pro. Maybe I should just go with that in the hopes that resale value will be much higher in a few years.
#1, a 3rd-party component (Toshiba SSD) sold under Apple (through its BTO option) is applicable to the Apple tax. This is why the 512GB SSD in the uMBP is more expensive than the rMBP, whose SSD is made in-house by Apple and is not under the Apple tax. An
aftermarket SSD like the Crucial M4 costs less than half what Apple charges ($400 vs $900), and that evens the price completely.
#2, they're also components missing from the rMBP. It's also not the sockets that affect the price, it's the controllers for those ports that do.
#3, it's not the component cost, it's the
marketing of higher performance which drives up the price.
(although Apple seems to be lost in emphasizing the mediocre graphics performance of the rMBP)
#4, it is a debatable topic, and I'm just offering my understanding of the display workings on this one. The backlight and display assembly has a more efficient assembly on the rMBP, which might also contribute to its ease of construction. This has too many components in price to conclusively say whether or not it affects the price in a major way, but probably if it does have any effect it is very minor.
As for the gamut factor that I have discussed, it's not the display panel itself but the quality of the backlighting that is the issue.
One would be surprised as how cheap making a high-density display is, especially when color accuracy is not a factor.
#5, it does have a big impact. A bigger motherboard means more transistors and more circuitry, which drives up production costs and labor fees. This ultimately affects the cost of the laptop.
There's more to the cost of the laptop than the physical aspect of production.