As for the mac mini case you quoted, will apple tell that it's a refurbished product. It's a fraud if they are quoting they will replace a new machine, but the parts are used.
Will it be the case for iMac Pro as well ? Apple should have parts for testing and demo since half year ago when they announced the release of iMac Pro.
I am really worried if I need a replacement.
It's in the written warranty that they will at their option (their choice) repair or replace with refurbished parts.
And if you specifically asked, I'm sure they would probably tell you which option they elected to choose in your case.
In the event of a full machine being replaced, usually the box will be marked as refurbished if it is. The serial numbers are also different. They use a different serial number sequence on refurbished machines. Don't remember off the top of my head, but I believe it starts with an R. Could be wrong. But it is a different sequence than new.
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I buy refurbished from Apple where possible. The internals are new and Apple does a much better QC job on them.
Actually, it's more likely that you would get new external components than internal components. Such as if the case or screen were damaged. But internally, your going to have used parts with (hopefully, though in my experience not always) repairs having been made to whatever specific component was bad.
I've purchased numerous new and refurbished computers from Apple over the years. And have had mixed experiences.
I've purchased refurbished machines from Apple that looked like they'd literally been dragged down rocky road behind a car at full speed. And was refused the option of returning it because Apple said they didn't warrant "cosmetic" problems. Even though I called them immediately after signing for the box. Note that it clearly was not damaged in transit. The box and packing material were perfect. It was damaged prior to being shipped. Literally scraped up everywhere, with literally half inch chunks broken out of the computers case.
After being refused permission to return it. I powered it on, and found the machine was also defective.
So I called Apple back. And they refused to permit me to return it. So I drove it down to the local service center and put it on their desk (still less than an hour after signing for it - with a copy of the delivery slip in hand to prove it).
The service center said that the physical damage would not be covered. Even though it clearly arrived damaged. But they powered it on and found it needed a new main board. So a refurbished main board was ordered. And separately I worked out a deal for a replacement case with the store owner since Apple had already flagged it as refusing to cover the "cosmetic" problem.
I've likewise purchased brand new machines from Apple that died within the first month. And then began the endless cycle of them swapping "refurbished" but still faulty components into the machine that would again be replaced within the month.
Honestly, my experience with Apple is that it's a total "Luck of the draw" thing as to whether you get a good or bad machine or part.
The refurbished machines are certainly not new computers inside old cases. That idea is just not even realistic.
And as anyone who lived through the iMac G5 fiasco of all of us swapping midplanes (mainboards) out with Apple can testify... all we did was essentially pass around our defective logic boards without repair. Might as well have just walked up to each other and swapped boards and said here, it'll work better in your plastic case than it did in my plastic case. Only difference is that we all shipped our defective boards to Apple, and they randomly passed them back out to each of us. No repair made, because Apple still hadn't even figured out yet what the actual problem was. They just kept hoping we'd all give up and be appeased with a replacement part (even if they still hadn't figured out why the design wasn't working).
By the time Apple finally figured out what was wrong and actually started repairing the defects (class action suit)... most of us had already tired of the game and disposed of the machines.
While they are getting faster at identifying problems... it does still happen sometimes that the early replacement parts still haven't had the necessary "repair" performed.
And as for refurbished machines getting a more thorough testing... I have never seen evidence of that.
I have purchased exactly ONE machine from Apple that never died. That's my current 2006 Mac Pro.
I have had other Apple machines that I purchased used, which served me well until I retired them. But out of the dozens of machines purchased directly from Apple both new and refurbished, I never managed to keep one of them alive without issue for more than a month at a time. So it's a total toss up as far as I'm concerned. That's primarily why I go with keeping my old 2006 Mac Pro and a Hackintosh, while important work is performed on my Windows PC's, which strangely I've never actually had a bad one.