If I keep my old iPhone 4 around as a emergency phone in the car with my old sim, and leave it off, will it still work down the road if I need to turn it on and make a call in a emergency as long as my new iPhone 4S is turned off?
You can probably still make emergency calls (911), but anything else would require you to swap the 4S SIM into the old 4. When you activated your 4S your 4 SIM was deactivated.