The Mac Pro 6,1 should support 4K 60Hz back in 2013, just not the boot screen. If you boot the Mac with a 4K 60Hz monitor connected, then it may suck at black screen. But if you connect the monitor after the Mac boot to desktop, there should be no problem at all.
And Apple updated the firmware for Mac Pro 6,1 some time ago to make it support 4K 60Hz boot screen. It should be pretty flawless to run with 4K 60Hz screen now.
For screen size. If you want to run at native resolution. I personally suggest a 40” (110 PPI) display or above. For your reference, the 27” ACD has 109 PPI. Anything has higher pixel density will start to look very small in native resolution at normal distance. In fact, even on 27” ACD, I am not comfortable with the native text size. I have 20/20 eyesight, can read the text without issue, but has a tendency to sit closer and closer because everything is a bit small. I never have this problem when used the 1920x1200 94 PPI 24” ACD (or my current 82 PPI CHG90).
For HiDPI resolution, 27” 5k may be fine, because the extra pixels make everything a lot sharper, eventually, easier to read. But for non HiPDI, I really won’t suggest anything go beyond 110 PPI. However, this is very personal at the end. If possible, you better to go a computer store, and have a look and then decide what’s the max PPI you can accept without HiDPI.