Triple-HD screen and other resolution considerations
Assuming they want to keep the aspect ratio of the previous iPad models (4:3), Apple could also opt to use a 1920px × 1440px THD resolution, easily fitting four iOS 3:2 DVGA screens: 2·960px × 2·640px = 1920px × 1280px. Alas, that wouldnt save them much processing power: 3.1Mpx QXGA vs. 2.8Mpx THD vs. 2.5Mpx QDVGA, compared to 0.8MPx XGA.
A HVGA (480px × 320px) iPhone had a pixel density of 136 px/in, the DVGA (960px × 640px) iPhone has 326 px/in, the XGA (1024px × 768px) iPad has 132 px/in and hypothetic iPad 3 would have about 264 px/in with QXGA, but 248 px/in with THD display. For 300 px/in or even 326 px/in at the same physical size the iPad would have to feature something better than a 2320px × 1740px or 2528px × 1896px display, respectively i.e. maybe 2560px × 1920px.
By the way, iPhone and iPod have an aspect ratio of 1.50, the iPad (and legacy video) has 1.33, US paper has 1.29 (Letter) or 1.65 (Legal), international paper is 1.41, and current video and movies are 1.77 to about 2.40. Since tablets are not primarily intended for watching videos, they dont have to use a 16:9 aspect ratio, they should be closer to traditional stock paper and books, i.e. 1.35±0.15 = 6:5 through 3:2.
PS: THD, for Triple HD, is not an established term, but the 4:3 format has triple the pixels of 16:9 720p images. HVGA Half VGA, DVGA Double VGA and, to a lesser extend, QDVGA Quad DVGA are being used, but these terms are not endorsed by any standardization body either.