Here is confirmation that Thunderbolt 5 docks do support USB 20 Gbps when connected to an Intel Mac:I suppose a Thunderbolt 5 dock could do it since it will probably have an Intel Thunderbolt 5 controller that supports USB 3.2 gen 2x2 at least from the downstream Thunderbolt 5 ports but only if USB tunnelling is not used since all Apple Macs have USB controllers that support only USB 3.1 gen 2.
https://eclecticlight.co/2024/12/23...ke-them-faster/comment-page-1/#comment-102605