Okay, yeah, I laid it on a little thick, there. Mea culpa. I'll be more objective.
Apple is fragmenting behavior to optimize them for their device classes. They will not exclude any supported devices from updates, and they will insure that the same patches, fixes, and features are present across the board. Devices will only become unsupported with age and exclusionary technologies (e.g.: 32-bit)
Apple does not give you access to the device filesystem. They simply provided a unified interface to the various file storage facilities (iCloud Drive, Dropbox, etc.). iOS provides other, more secure ways to get a file from your email to any other application. They may not be what a geek like us is used to, but they work.
It's not so much "geeky" as "something most users will never even think of doing". While a greater percentage of iOS users than Android users actually create content on their device, the majority of Apple's base would never want to make a ringtone.
I wasn't sure about TrueTone either, but I gave it a chance, and it's a great feature. Looking at a screen without TrueTone looks absolutely horrible to me now. Usefulness aside, your statement is incorrect. There's a whole step in the iPhone X setup flow that asks if you want to use TrueTone, and even shows you the difference with it on and off.
I wouldn't go so far as to say the A10 is the best. I can, however, state factually that iOS just makes better of whatever processor it has than Android does. If for no other reason, it comes down to the memory management used by its applications. Objective-C and Swift are automatic-reference-counted languages, and Java uses Garbage Collection. GC sucks on mobile devices, where you don't have a huge amount of RAM and unlimited power consumption.
Because it's reflexive of the real-world performance, which is what really matters, not specs.
User Experience professionals have to constantly remind themselves, "you are not your users." I've often said that the thing that bugs me most about Android devices is that they're in the hands of users who aren't savvy enough to keep them secure and working well. You and I are entirely capable of tweaking the crap out of a phone, maximizing it, protecting it from malware, etc., and we even like doing that kind of thing. But we're members of a tiny minority... we're a subset of a subset of a subset of users. The fact that we're posting here demonstrates that.
Most of the things your Note can do that iPhone can't (you might want to double-check that... iOS does more than it used to) are things that fall way outside the scope of what the masses want from their devices. Apple seeks to make the best device for everyone, which means that it may be more limited than what we'd like. However, as a developer, I've seen that they do try to extend the system's capabilities with each release, hoping to catch a few of us power users in their net, without confusing the mainstream.