they can’t prevent you from competing after you leave the company, but they can prevent you from competing while you work at Apple.
Competing with Apple can include soliciting other employeess to compete after leaving apple. I think that’s what they’re arguing.
it’s hard for tech people to become founders because of their salaried work contract under nonsensical laws that argue that you’re always working for your employer and as such, any preparation to found a company in your free time could already be considered competition and breach of contract.
The problem for Apple to overcome. In general Non-Compete Agreements are not legally enforceable in California. Same goes with Non-Solicit Agreements (neither for customer or employee poaching). There are some narrow exceptions.
Whether he signed a contract or not is moot if the contract is not legally enforceable. It will be up to the courts to decide how much if any parts of the contract can be enforced. Which his lawyers will likely lean on.