The external storage I need is fastest transfer of data / biggest storage available.
You should really give limits or ranges you are looking for. Options can get pretty big, and pretty fast, but at a price for the sizes and speeds.
Is that combo available on HDD, or would I have to go SSD route?
You can get plenty fast with HDDs in RAID0, or even faster with SSDs in RAID. If price is less of an issue, there are all sorts of options for you. You can have a RAID with stripping and mirroring, that way you can have speed and the peace of mind with redundancy.
The big question: Is there maximum price tag?
The only reason I mention it because you can have both huge storage at a relatively fast speed, but some options come at a price:
The PROMISE Pegasus32 R series RAID storage system brings the power of Thunderbolt 3 technology to a wide range of Mac users. Buy online now at apple.com.
www.apple.com
Plenty of storage at 32TB, and read speeds probably around 1700-1800MBps.
Or if that isn't big enough, you can go with:
Finally, storage that keeps up with your creative vision. With up to 60TB of capacity on your desktop, up to 1400MB/s speeds, and RAID 5/6, the LaCie 6Big Thunderbolt 3 lets you control the avalanche of data from 4K cameras.
www.amazon.com
Huge amount of storage @60TB, and speeds around 1300-1500MBPS
This price can drop a lot if you want to just buy an external RAID enclosure and the drives separately. You can go cheaper with HDDs or go with speed with SSDs.
For example: A 4-bay Thunderbolt 3 RAID enclosure with 4 SATA SSDs in RAID0 would have read speeds of about 3000MBps, versus 4 SATA HDDs would be around 1000MBps.
Now, these above options are probably overkill for most users, but you did not give limits or ranges on what you were looking for.