"Future proofing" -- especially with Apple laptops -- is a conundrum.
You can spend the big bucks for a high end discrete GPU, but these tend to be "the weakest link" in Apple MacBooks. They run hotter and have a high failure rate.
Or... you can "keep it cheap" and buy a MacBook Pro with an integrated GPU, and like the Energizer Bunny, it just keeps going and going and going.
My 2010 MacBook Pro 13" (base model) is still doing fine (after I upgraded the HDD with an SSD). I took good care of it and it still looks great as well.
Perhaps the best future proofing is to pick a MacBook that doesn't have a propensity to fail as time goes by.
Sure, you're going to say "who has the crystal ball that can predict that?"
Sometimes "it's just a feeling".
In November 2016, just after the 2016 MBPro's were introduced, I compared the 2015 and 2016 models "side-by-side".
Sure, the new one looked snazzier -- it was a new design.
But... somehow the keyboard just didn't "seem right" to me. Seemed harder to type on, and of course it was noisy. I just liked the old one better.
That was the main reason I chose to buy a 2015 model instead of the brand-new 2016.
In hindsight, I'll bet that decision was the best "future proofing" I could have done!