How was Windows shut down the last time you used it? Did it happen to crash?
If an NTFS partition is for some reason not unmounted properly, it gets flagged as unmountable until a file system check is performed. Flagged filesystems get checked automatically when Windows is started, and the flags are removed.
It could be, that if the partition was flagged for a check, Finder could not mount it, or even show it in the sidebar.
The flag can also be removed by forcing the mount, but it's a better idea to actually let Windows run the file system check, so if there are errors in the file system they get reported and corrected.
It's a good idea to back everything up anyway, but I would not worry too much, unless you start getting frequent errors.