I suspect that black cables, given the same environment, will be just as dirty as a white cable.
(Try to un-think that idea. )
There's nothing that prevents you buying your own cables - black, if that's what you prefer.
Even your desired protective sleeve will get all sticky and grungy too.
Wipe your cables down with isopropyl alcohol once or twice a year. That will do wonders.
hmmm... OK.
But, I was really talking about "cable sleeves", which could be a DIY project, using whatever you might find.
I'm kind of a "go naked" laptop user, so a little bit of goo is just part of the game, I think. And, I also tend to put away original cables, if possible, as I usually prefer other lengths (maybe shorter, maybe longer, depends on my use) where Apple's cables may not necessarily be the best choice. And some are black. Got a neon pink braided cable that I just like. (bought two so if one fails (or won't come clean), I got that spare.