No, you can't backup and restore using iCloud. You can use Migration Assistant to transfer directly from the old Mac though. Apple doesn't mention it, but I believe you can use a Thunderbolt or USB 3 cable if you have one for faster transfer speeds.
Migration Assistant transfers documents, apps, user accounts, and settings from one Mac to another. It doesn’t delete information from your old Mac or replace the operating system (macOS) on your new Mac.