It's still enough to cover the fraud. The government told the card issuers to reduce their debit card fees because the percentage charged to the merchants was too high for the amount of fraud that actually exists.
Credit card fees weren't touched, and the government should leave it alone. I like all of the benefits and higher rewards I get from credit cards BECAUSE they have higher interchange fees.
The caps were hardly put into place with anything in mind other than large retailers' bottom lines. Small businesses still pay the same ~3% they always have due to their processing contracts.
Want to actually help small business? Mandate interchange-plus pricing.
One reason they're failing is because of the EMV problem with debit certification. You can thank Durbin for that one, as well as a reduction in debit card rewards and free checking accounts (although they still exist to a much lesser extent). It's still weird to be able to withdraw cash at a cash register from your checking account without typing in a pin, while at the same time, having a PIN required at an ATM.
Debit network acceptance was a problem long before EMV. Without "signature" debit it's very possible that a lot of businesses would still be cash-only in 2016. Much easier for most merchants to just sign agreements with Visa/MC (and maybe Discover/AmEx too) than to sign with all ~20 debit networks.
Also, the higher interchange fee for credit networks basically helped to encourage banks to sign onto the whole thing.
However, those cards would be world capable in countries that have adopted chip and pin. I understand you can still use your chip and signature card at manned POS systems, but it's much more difficult to fuel up at the pump or buy train tickets without a card that has a PIN attached to it and set as the priority.
STAR/PULSE/etc. do not work outside the US. Also note that PIN is supported for kiosks on our chipped debit cards if needed. Visa/MC have also made significant strides in ensuring that PIN isn't needed at all for kiosks.
I love how Wegmans supports cash back at the register. I can get $10 bills instead of forced into getting $20's when I don't need them; I can save myself the $1 fee the store's ATM owner charges, and I can also save the $2.50 fee my bank would have charged. I'll save $3.50 per withdrawal and keep my card PIN. If I let someone borrow my card, with a pin, I can protect against them just draining my bank account and grabbing cash, where as with just a signature, they can just take all of my money.
If you bank with a major bank that has branches/ATMs in your area, ATM fees should not be a problem. Hell, that's true even with most online banks these days.