True, they're based on the same underlying 2-year-old tech (Although I think the Pro/Max use a newer RAM tech...?), but in the case of the actual products - the M1 Pro and Max were only launched last October, with the new MacBook Pros, and the M1 Ultra was "new" for the Mac Studio.Two year old tech that just went into the current Mac Studio a couple of months ago.
It would be a bit surprising if we saw new 14/16" MBPs with M2 Pro/Max until the exiting MacBook Pros are 12-18 months old. I'm guessing that the M2 "family" will roll out on the same sort of time scale - the base M2 for the Air and Mini first, with the Pro and Max following anything from 6-10 months later.
I don't think the M1 Max and Ultra machines will lose their crown for a while, but the base M2 might make the M1 Pro - especially the cheaper 8 core version - look a bit weak. Which might be why there's currently a M1 Pro shaped hole in the Mini/Studio price range.
Welcome to Apple Silicon - the only reasons to go for Pro, Max or Ultra models are if you want (a) better multicore performance, (b) better GPU performance or (c) more I/O capability (displays, TB4 ports, USB 3 ports). Don't forget the last one - the Mac Studio has a massive (by Mac standards) number of ports.The only time I (subjectively) notice a performance difference is when doing long-running video/photo tasks.
This isn't a new thing - look at the Intel Mac Pros: the $12k 28 core only has a slightly faster single-core performance than the $6k 8-core (and the M1 Air beats them both!) but a task that uses all 28 cores can be 3 times faster. If the tasks you run don't use all the cores then you're wasting your money. It's just that Intel had lots of different tiers of power ratings, clock speeds, cache sizes and other specs for ultraportables, laptops, desktops, workstations etc. With Apple silicon it looks like the range is going to stay much simpler.