1) I was referring to a comment above that said the Samsung 840 used relatively cheap flash, so I wanted to stay within a budget but not get the cheapo stuff. Are there noticeable, real-world performance differences when you go up a level in cost? And what the best metric to comparison shop is.
Cheap NAND is TLC NAND, which is used in the Samsung 840 (non-Pro) and all Samsung Evo series.
More durable and better-performing NAND is MLC NAND, which is commonly found in consumer SSDs (and even professional SSDs). For instance, the budget Crucial BX100 uses MLC NAND, and the pro-grade SM951 PCIe SSD uses MLC NAND as well.
The performance difference now lies largely in the controller. A Crucial BX100 is pretty cheap and fast, and there's probably no point paying for a Samsung 850 Pro that may only give about 15% better performance in real world scenarios, at an exorbitant price.