A list of clients getting sent a email. The email contains a list of options. Client clicks on one of the options in the email and then an email is generated on a server with the clients option marked. Would PHP be the way to do this ...
You can't put php code in an email, it just won't work. From what you describe, it sounds like you want the email recipients to complete a form, and then receive another email after completing the form. Yes?
There are a few ways to do this, the best one I can think of is using an email campaign software like Constant Contact or Campaign Monitor to load your initial recipient list to and send your initial email.
You can't embed forms in an email, email clients usually block them because of phishing and its just bad practice. I would suggest using a program such as SurveyMonkey to set up your question(s) along with the data you want to collect (email, address, name, etc). You can set this so people can only respond once (i think this is done through cookies). You can have surveymonkey redirect to a specific page after the survey is completed (a thank you page?).
If you still need that second email sent off to respondents, maybe create some sort of script that runs for people who reach the thank you page that fires off an auto-responder email.
A second method would be (rather than survey monkey), host the form on your own site and provide a link to it in your email. have the form fire off an email to both yourself and the respondent with the selection. This can be done with a php form.
I kind of like surveymonkey though, it compiles all of the data for you and makes it easy to analyze.
good luck, hope that helps