You might want to check out this...Does it protect it from Apple employees snooping? because my iCloud account has a password and I know for a fact Apple holds the keys to unlock my icloud account.
iCloud data security overview - Apple Support
iCloud uses strong security methods, employs strict policies to protect your information, and leads the industry in using privacy-preserving security technologies like end-to-end encryption for your data.

Enable End-to-End Encryption for Your iCloud Backups
Apple's Advanced Data Protection for iCloud feature uses end-to-end encryption to provide the highest level of cloud data security that Apple...

It appears end-to-end encryption is now supported on the latest versions of macOS/iOS/iPadOS.