The whole USB power distribution things seems a bit immature and confusing?
Yep. USB power has all become very complex.
We already had USB 2.0 (500 mA) and 3.0 (900 mA). And then Apple had a couple of standards, like put 2.0V on the data lines. And Samsung put 2.8V on there. Then Qualcomm added their QuickCharge 2.0 and 3.0.
And then, then we got USB-C with USB-PD (Power Delivery). That also has two versions. And it's not a simple resistance or voltage you measure, it's a digital protocol. The spec is about 250 pages and it's very time-consuming to test all of these edge cases.
So what do you do? Build something, then test it with a couple of popular devices. However, almost anything can charge from USB nowadays