For single drives, Thunderbolt has no advantage, if the computer has usb3 ports.
Only multiple drives in a case can take advantage of the better performance that Thunderbolt provides.
As an example, USB 3.0 2TB, bus powered Seagate HDD drives are at Costco now for $65.
I've compared this drive to my Thunderbolt version, and speeds are comparable. Sometimes faster, sometimes slower.
Of course your mileage may vary.
PS Thunderbolt is more expensive due to complexity, not royalties.
As for SSD versions, SCSI based SSDs will perform similar, too.
Only M.2 PCIe SSDs can reliably deliver better performance over Thunderbolt when compared to USB 3.0.