Canadian Criminal Code, sections 326 and 327:
http://www.lawyers.ca/statutes/criminal_code_of_canada_theft.htm
Theft of telecommunication service
326. (1) Every one commits theft who fraudulently, maliciously, or without colour of right,
(a) abstracts, consumes or uses electricity or gas or causes it to be wasted or diverted; or
(b) uses any telecommunication facility or obtains any telecommunication service.
Definition of "telecommunication"
(2) In this section and section 327, "telecommunication" means any transmission, emission or reception of signs, signals, writing, images or sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, visual or other electromagnetic system.
R.S., c. C-34, s. 287; 1974-75-76, c. 93, s. 23.
Possession of device to obtain telecommunication facility or service
327. (1) Every one who, without lawful excuse, the proof of which lies on him, manufactures, possesses, sells or offers for sale or distributes any instrument or device or any component thereof, the design of which renders it primarily useful for obtaining the use of any telecommunication facility or service, under circumstances that give rise to a reasonable inference that the device has been used or is or was intended to be used to obtain the use of any telecommunication facility or service without payment of a lawful charge therefor, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years.
Section 327 says if you are caught with a device in your possession that "could" be used to steal telecommunications services (i.e. a phone with a modified IMEI), it's up to you to prove that you weren't using it to do so (i.e. reverse onus of proof: you are assumed to be guilty unless you can prove yourself innocent).
It's the same kind of wording in the law that would be used to arrest you for possession of burglary tools or carrying a prohibited weapon.
