Have you tried an NVRAM reset? Turn power off. Press and hold the power button for 5 seconds or so, and your MBPro will shut completely off. Now, press and release the power button, immediately holding Option-Command-p-r
You should hear the boot chime sound.
Keep holding the same 4 keys until you hear the boot chime 2 more times, then release all keys so it will boot normally.
(The NVRAM reset will remove the startup disk setting in the hardware, and SHOULD revert to the first booting system on your drive, which would normally be your macOS boot system. It's worth trying, anyway! )
Just on the chance that you DO have a sticking shift key, and you know which shift key is sticking, Tap that shift key a few times, making a fairly firm tap. That may release that key.
If you don't get the boot chime for that reset, even after holding the 4 keys for a full minute, you may have other hardware issues happening.
If you get a good, 2-chime reset, but still get the prohibited symbol, try to boot to Internet Recovery again, which (as a reminder) is holding Option-Command-r. You should see the spinning globe, and NOT the usual Apple icon. It might take a minute or two, but should boot to the Utilities menu.
Run Disk Utility, choosing your hard drive, and run First Aid on the drive as a test.
If THAT doesn't work, or does not help - make one more attempt then to boot to the Recovery system, which is to restart, while holding Command-r. THAT boot should show the normal Apple icon, and boot to a Utilities menu again. Check if your hard drive is visible in Disk Utility, and try a First Aid repair after selecting the drive.
Quit Disk Utility, then Quit the Utilities menu, too. You should then have the choice to select a startup disk. Try to choose your hard drive - if it appears on that Startup Disk window. That MIGHT be all you need to do. A restart, after selecting the correct boot drive, should restart OK this time.