Did a little testing yesterday and found that my issue is isolated to when my iPhone 7 running 12.0.1 is plugged into my car. Hey Siri was working flawlessly at home, and even when plugged into my computer. I left Google Maps open for a long time, thinking that maybe it was timing out somehow, and saying Hey Siri after extended time, and it always worked.
Then I went out in the car, and within 5 minutes of driving, said Hey Siri. Nothing.
Haven't restarted my phone since then and just tried Hey Siri. It worked.
In a couple of weeks I'll get a software update for my in-car entertainment and get CarPlay so hopefully it will work again in the car. In the meantime, it's quite frustrating.
I drive a 2017 Mazda 3. I plug into USB for charging and use bluetooth for audio. Siri works if I press and hold the home button to activate. I also noticed that since iOS 12, the indictor for new text messages doesn't show on the car screen.
Thinking it just might be an inconsistency between iOS 12 and the version of the ICE from 2017.