Check network settings and credit card
Two things that come to my mind:
1. Can the two computers reach each other through other protocols? Try to connect to your brothers' computer from the Finder using Cmd+K or browse the Network Neighborhood for his machine if you're on Windows. If you can find anything, then the network should be ok.
2. None of you recently deactivated the credit card you use for iTunes or even changed it to a new one, right? The same credit card name and number has to be activated on both computers.