Don't clone to an SSD. It will sometimes cause an alignment issue and decrease the performance, not to mention the lifespan, of your SSD.
Use Carbon Copy Cloner (which actually copies files instead of cloning block-by-block) or restore from a Time Machine backup.
Should not make any difference. I don't know of any way a block copy during Restore could affect performance. Disk Utility Restore is done on a partition level, not a complete device. Doing a DU Restore will put the volume exactly on the block it would have been if the OS had been installed on a freshly partitioned disk. (The
gpt tool can show where every partition is. DU is just the GUI front end for
asr. Read the
man file for more details on what it does and is capable of - which is much more than DU can access.)
The only thing that's going to happen over time is ending up with partially filled blocks, and that's where the SSD controller's built-in wear-leveling, garbage collection, and OS X TRIM come into play.
It's only one test sample, but DU Restore is the method I used when installing a 512 GB Crucial M4 in my 17" MBP and never had an issue. I currently have an rMBP with a 768 GB SSD, though I haven't had to do a Restore back to it yet.
Apple removed the file copy option for Restore in recent versions of Disk Utility (I think it went away starting with Lion).
It's probably out of scope for this thread, but if you can, please point me to a resource that explains how an alignment problem can arise, and how the block copy can affect performance and life expectancy. I'm always willing to learn.
The only thing I can think of that
could affect life expectancy is doing defragmentation on a partition. It has no noticeable affect on performance, and causes unnecessary erase/write cycles. That said, if it isn't done often, its affect on life probably wouldn't be noticed - but again, it's just not necessary or desirable to do to an SSD.