Mine is even worse. Only started after the High Sierra upgrade. The entire left half of my screen is a blacked-out mess, but as you can kind of see in the screenshot it's not exactly half, and it's not a straight line. Sort of amorphous.
It should look uniform all the way across. When I log in, the black bit sorts of fades away to show the regular desktop. Seems to be a bug of some sort in the way they're trying to blur the background image. I haven't bothered to try a new background and see if it behaves differently because it's such a minor thing and only affects the login screen.
I can say that I have that same background image on other High Sierra devices, but only this one is all messed up that way. This is also the only one with Radeon graphics, so maybe that's why?
EDIT: Okay, I changed my background image to something else and the blur is nice and even across the entire screen with that one. Weird, especially since, like I said, I use that same image on a couple of other machines without issue.