Really dumb question, but have you verified that the settings in the System Preferences panel haven't been changed?
Also, I assume this happens even if the Mac is off the network? If not, is someone mounting a disk remotely?
Finally, if you create a guest/dummy account, log in with that (and with no one else logged in), set up sleep prefs to sleep after, say, a minute, does that work? If so, you know you're not dealing with a hardware problem.