My 2007 iMac charges the iPad (through the back USB ports, but not through the keyboard ports.) It charges it a bit slower than the wall charger.
My black MacBook says, "Not Charging".
Some computers have "high power USB 2.0" sockets on them. Some computers have only 1 high power socket, which might not be market any differently. The iPad will only charge when plugged into one of these high power sockets.
All of the new iMacs and MacBook Pro's have high power USB. I'm not sure about other makes or models.